Inkqubo yokufudumeza, ukubamba, kunye nokupholisa isinyithi kwisimo esiqinileyo ukuphucula okanye ukuguqula iimpawu zayo kunye ne-microstructure ibizwa ngokuba kunyango lobushushu.Ngokweenjongo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lobushushu, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyanga ukushisa, ezinokuthi zihlulwe ngokukodwa zibe zintlobo ezilandelayo:
(1)Ukuhlaziya: Kwi-annealing heat heat heat, isinyithi sifudunyezwa kwinqanaba elithile lokufudumeza ukuya kwi-300-500 ℃ ngaphezu kweqondo lokushisa elibalulekileyo, kwaye i-microstructure yayo iya kuba nenguqu yesigaba okanye ukuguqulwa kwesigaba.Ngokomzekelo, xa intsimbi ishushu kule bushushu, i-pearlite iya kuguqula ibe yi-austenite.Emva koko yigcine ishushu kangangexesha elithile, uze uyipholise kancinci kancinci (idla ngokuyipholisa ngesithando somlilo) ide ikhutshwe kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi.Yonke le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba lunyango lokuthomalalisa.Injongo ye-annealing kukususa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluveliswa ngexesha lokusebenza okushushu, i-homogenize i-microstructure yesinyithi (ukufumana isakhiwo esilinganiselweyo), ukuphucula iimpawu zomatshini (ezifana nokunciphisa ubulukhuni, ukwandisa iplastiki, ukuqina, kunye namandla), kunye nokuphucula ukusika. ukusebenza.Kuxhomekeka kwinkqubo yokufunxa, inokohlulwa ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokufunxa, ezifana nokuqhobosha okuqhelekileyo, ukufunxa kabini, ukudityaniswa kwe-annealing, ukufakwa kwe-isothermal, ukufakwa kwe-spheroidizing annealing, ukufakwa kwakhona kwekristali, ukuqhobosha okuqaqambileyo, ukuqhobosha ngokupheleleyo, ukufunxa okungaphelelanga, njl.
(2)Ukulungelelanisa: Kwiziko lonyango lobushushu, isinyithi sifudunyezwa kwinqanaba elithile lokufudumeza ukuya kuma-200-600 ℃ ngaphezu kweqondo lokushisa elibalulekileyo, ukuze i-microstructure iguqulwe ngokupheleleyo ibe yi-austenite efanayo (umzekelo, kulo bushushu, i-ferrite iguqulwa ngokupheleleyo. kwi-austenite kwintsimbi, okanye i-cementite yesibini ichithwe ngokupheleleyo kwi-austenite), kwaye igcinwe ixesha elithile, emva koko ibekwe emoyeni ukupholisa kwendalo (kubandakanya ukupholisa ukuvuthela, ukupakisha ukupholisa kwendalo, okanye iziqwenga ezizimeleyo zendalo. ukupholisa emoyeni ozolileyo), kwaye yonke inkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-normalizing.I-normalizing luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-annealing, oluthi, ngenxa yesantya sokupholisa ngokukhawuleza kune-annealing, lunokufumana iinkozo ezicolekileyo kunye ne-microstructure efanayo, iphucule ukomelela kunye nobulukhuni besinyithi, kwaye ibe neepropati ezilungileyo ezibanzi zoomatshini.
(3) Ukucima: Kwiziko lonyango lobushushu, isinyithi sifudunyezwa kwinqanaba elithile lokufudumeza ukuya kuma-300-500 ℃ ngaphezu kobushushu obubalulekileyo, ukuze i-microstructure iguqulwe ngokupheleleyo ibe yi-austenite efanayo.Emva kokuyibamba ixesha elithile, ipholile ngokukhawuleza (indawo yokupholisa ibandakanya amanzi, ioli, amanzi etyuwa, amanzi e-alkaline, njl. njl.) ukufumana isakhiwo se-martensitic, esinokuphucula kakhulu amandla, ukuqina, kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwentsimbi. .Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokucima kukhokelela kwinguqu ebukhali yesakhiwo eyenza uxinzelelo olubalulekileyo lwangaphakathi kunye nokwandisa i-brittleness.Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukwenza unyango olushushu okanye oluguga ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuze ufumane amandla aphezulu kunye neempawu zokuqina.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukucima unyango lodwa alufane lusetyenziswe.Ngokuxhomekeke kwinto kunye nenjongo yokucima unyango, unyango lokucima lunokwahlulwa lube ziinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokucima ezifana nokucima okuqhelekileyo, ukucinywa okupheleleyo, ukucinywa okungagqibekanga, ukucinywa kwe-isothermal, ukucima okusemgangathweni, ukucinywa okuqaqambileyo, ukucinywa kwe-high-frequency quenching, njl.
(4) Ukucima umphezulu: Le yindlela ekhethekileyo yokucima unyango olusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufudumeza ezifana nokufudumeza idangatye, ukufudumeza kwe-high-frequency induction, ukufudumeza ubushushu bombane, ukufudumeza kombane, ukufudumeza i-electrolyte, njl njl. intsimbi engaphezulu kobushushu obubalulekileyo, kwaye uyipholise ngokukhawuleza phambi kokuba ubushushu bungene ngaphakathi kwentsimbi (oko kukuthi unyango lokucima)
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-08-2023