Ukukhethwa, ukusetyenzwa, kunye nokufakelwa kwemibhobho yentsimbi ye-hydraulic

Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-hydraulic, indlela yokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo, inkqubo kunye nokulungelelanisaimibhobho yentsimbi ye-hydraulicukwenza ii-hydraulic systems zisebenze ngokuwonga amandla, zithembeke, kwaye zibenobomi obude.

Iintshayelelo

Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-hydraulic, indlela yokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo, inkqubo kunye nokulungelelanisaimibhobho yentsimbi ye-hydraulicukwenza iisistim zehydraulic zisebenze ngowonga amandla ngakumbi, zithembeke, kwaye zibenobomi obude kuye kwaba sisihloko sophando kubayili benkqubo yoxinzelelo.Eli nqaku lixoxa ngokukhethwa, ukusetyenzwa, kunye nokufakelwa kwemibhobho yensimbi ye-hydraulic.

UmbhobhoSunyulo

Ukukhethwa kwemibhobho kufuneka kusekelwe kuxinzelelo lwenkqubo, izinga lokuhamba, kunye nemeko yokusetyenziswa.Kuyimfuneko ukuba sinikele ingqalelo ukuba amandla umbhobho ngokwaneleyo, ukuba ububanzi umbhobho ububanzi kunye nodonga ubukhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno inkqubo, nokuba udonga lwangaphakathi umbhobho yentsimbi ekhethiweyo kufuneka agudileyo, simahla umhlwa, oxide isikhumba, kwaye ezinye iziphene.Ukuba ezi meko zilandelayo zifunyenwe zingenakusebenziseka: iindonga zangaphakathi nangaphandle zombhobho ziye zonakaliswa kakhulu;Ubunzulu bemikrwelo kumzimba wombhobho bungaphezulu kwe-10% yobunzima bodonga;Umphezulu womzimba wombhobho unqanyulwe ngaphezu kwe-20% yobubanzi bombhobho;Ubunzima bodonga olungalinganiyo kunye ne-ovality ebonakalayo yecandelo lombhobho.Imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zoxinzelelo oluphakathi kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zehydraulic ngenxa yeengenelo zazo ezinje ngokuqina okuphezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye nokukhululeka kokufumana uqhagamshelo lwasimahla lokuvuza.Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ze-hydraulic zihlala zisebenzisa imibhobho yentsimbi enekhabhoni ephantsi enekhabhoni engenamthungo yobukhulu obuyi-10, 15, kunye ne-20, enokuthi idityaniswe ngokuthembekileyo kwimibhobho yofakelo eqhelekileyo ngexesha lokubhobhoza.Iinkqubo ze-Hydraulic servo zihlala zisebenzisa imibhobho yentsimbi eqhelekileyo, ekwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa, inemigangatho egudileyo yangaphakathi nangaphandle, kwaye inomlinganiselo ochanekileyo, kodwa amaxabiso ayo aphezulu.

Ukusetyenzwa kwemibhobho

Ukulungiswa kwemibhobho ikakhulu kubandakanya ukusika, ukugoba, ukuwelda, kunye nezinye iziqulatho.Umgangatho wokucutshungulwa kwemibhobho unempembelelo enkulu kwiiparameters zenkqubo yombhobho kwaye inxulumene nokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwenkqubo ye-hydraulic.Ngoko ke, iindlela zenzululwazi kunye nengqiqo yokucubungula kufuneka yamkelwe ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wokucubungula.

1) Ukusika imibhobho

Imibhobho ye-hydraulic system ene-diameter engaphantsi kwe-50mm inokunqunyulwa ngokusebenzisa umatshini wokusika isondo lokusila, ngelixa iipayipi ezinobubanzi obungaphezulu kwe-50mm zisikwa ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa iindlela zoomatshini, njengezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zoomatshini.I-welding manual kunye neendlela zokusika i-oksijini zithintelwe ngokungqongqo, kunye nokubona ngesandla kuvunyelwe xa iimeko zivuma.Ubuso bokugqibela bombhobho osikiweyo kufuneka bugcinwe nge-perpendicular kwi-axial centerline kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye indawo yokusika umbhobho kufuneka ibe tyaba kwaye ingabikho kwi-burrs, isikhumba se-oxide, i-slag, njl.

2) Ukugoba imibhobho

Inkqubo yokugoba imibhobho iqhutywe ngcono kumatshini wokugoba wemibhobho yomatshini okanye ye-hydraulic.Ngokuqhelekileyo, imibhobho enobubanzi obuyi-38mm nangaphantsi igobile.Ukusebenzisa umatshini wokugoba umbhobho ukugoba imibhobho kwindawo ebandayo kunokuphepha ukuveliswa kwesikhumba se-oxide kunye nokuchaphazela umgangatho wemibhobho.Ukugoba okutshisayo akuvumelekanga ngexesha lokuveliswa kwemibhobho egobileyo, kunye nokufakelwa kwemibhobho efana ne-elbows egxininisiweyo ingasetyenziselwa njengeendawo, njenge-deformation, ukuncipha kweendonga zombhobho, kunye nokuveliswa kwesikhumba se-oxide sithandwa ukuba senzeke ngexesha lokugoba okushushu.Imibhobho yokugoba kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo iradiyasi yokugoba.Xa iradiyasi yokugoba incinci kakhulu, inokubangela uxinzelelo kumbhobho kwaye inciphise amandla ayo.I-radius ye-bend akufanele ibe ngaphantsi kwamaxesha ama-3 ububanzi bombhobho.Okukhona uphezulu uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lombhobho, kokukhona inkulu iradiyasi yokugoba kufuneka ibe nkulu.I-ellipticity yombhobho ogobileyo emva kokuveliswa akufanele idlule i-8%, kwaye ukuphambuka kwe-angle yokugoba akufanele kudlule ± 1.5mm / m.

3) Ukuwelda kwemibhobho kunye nemibhobho yehydraulic yenziwa ngamanyathelo amathathu:

(1) Ngaphambi kokuba udibanise umbhobho, isiphelo sombhobho kufuneka sibe ne-beveled.Xa i-weld groove incinci kakhulu, inokubangela ukuba udonga lombhobho lungadibanisi ngokupheleleyo, okubangela ukungonelanga kokuqina kombhobho;Xa i-groove inkulu kakhulu, inokubangela iziphene ezifana nokuqhekeka, ukufakwa kwe-slag, kunye ne-welds engalinganiyo.I-angle ye-groove kufuneka iqhutywe ngokweentlobo ze-welding ezifanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zomgangatho wesizwe.Umatshini weBeveling uya kusetyenziselwa ukwenziwa ngcono kwegroove.Indlela yokusika i-mechanical inoqoqosho, iyasebenza, ilula, kwaye inokuqinisekisa umgangatho wokucubungula.Ukusikwa kwevili lokusila okuqhelekileyo kunye nokubethelwa kuya kuthintelwa kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

(2) Ukukhethwa kweendlela zokuwelda kuyinkalo ebalulekileyo yomgangatho wokwakhiwa kwemibhobho kwaye kufuneka ixatyiswe kakhulu.Okwangoku, i-arc welding manual kunye ne-argon arc welding zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.Phakathi kwabo, i-argon arc welding ifanelekile kwi-welding ye-hydraulic pipeline.Ineenzuzo zomgangatho olungileyo we-weld junction, umphezulu ogudileyo kunye nomhle weld, akukho slag ye-welding, akukho oxidation ye-weld junction, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding.Enye indlela ye-welding ngokulula inokubangela ukuba i-welding slag ingene kumbhobho okanye ivelise isixa esikhulu somlinganiselo we-oxide kudonga lwangaphakathi lwe-welding joint, okunzima ukuyisusa.Ukuba ixesha lokwakha lifutshane kwaye kukho i-argon arc welders ezimbalwa, kunokuqwalaselwa ukusebenzisa i-argon arc welding enye ingqimba (i-backing) kunye ne-welding yombane kwinqanaba lesibini, elingaqinisekisi kuphela umgangatho kodwa liphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kolwakhiwo.

(3) Emva kokudityaniswa kwemibhobho, ukuhlolwa komgangatho we-weld kufuneka kwenziwe.Izinto zokuhlola ziquka: nokuba kukho iintanda, ezifakiweyo, iipores, ukuluma ngokugqithisileyo, ukutshiza, kunye nezinye izinto ezijikeleze umthungo we-weld;Khangela ukuba i-weld bead icocekile, ingaba kukho ukungahambi kakuhle, ukuba umphezulu wangaphakathi nangaphandle uyaphuma, kwaye umphezulu wangaphandle wonakalisiwe okanye ubuthathaka ngexesha lokusetyenzwa kwamandla odonga lombhobho..

Ukufakwa kwemibhobho

Ukufakwa kombhobho we-hydraulic ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhutyelwa emva kokufakwa kwezixhobo ezidibeneyo kunye nezixhobo ze-hydraulic.Ngaphambi kokubeka umbhobho, kuyimfuneko ukuziqhelanisa ngononophelo nesicwangciso sombhobho, ukucacisa ulungelelwaniso lolungelelwaniso, isithuba, kunye nesalathiso sombhobho ngamnye, ukumisela iindawo ezimi kuzo iivalve, ii-joints, flanges, kunye ne-clamp clamps, kwaye uziphawule kwaye uzibeke kwindawo yazo.

1) Ukufakwa kwee-clamps zepayipi

Ipleyiti yesiseko ye-clamp yombhobho idityaniswe ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokusebenzisa izibiyeli ezifana nentsimbi ye-engile ukuya kumacandelo esakhiwo, okanye igxininiswe ngeebholiti zokwandisa kwiindonga zekhonkrithi okanye izibiyeli zecala eludongeni.Umgama phakathi kweeclamps zemibhobho kufuneka ufanelekile.Ukuba incinci kakhulu, iya kubangela inkcitho.Ukuba inkulu kakhulu, iya kubangela ukungcangcazela.Kwii-angles ezifanelekileyo, kufuneka kubekho i-clamp enye yombhobho kwicala ngalinye.

2) Ukubekwa kwemibhobho

Imigaqo ngokubanzi yokubeka imibhobho yile:

(1) Imibhobho ifanele icwangciswe ngokuthe tye okanye ngokuthe nkqo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuqwalaselwe ukucoceka nokungaguquguquki ukuthintela ukunqumla kwemibhobho;Umgama othile kufuneka ugcinwe phakathi kweendonga zemibhobho emibini ehambelanayo okanye edibeneyo;

(2) Imibhobho emikhulu edayamitha okanye imibhobho ekufutshane necala langaphakathi lenkxaso yemibhobho kufuneka ibekwe phambili ekubekweni kwayo;

(3) Umbhobho oqhagamshelwe kwikhonkco lombhobho okanye iflange kufuneka ube ngumbhobho othe tye, kwaye iasi yalo mbhobho ithe tye kufuneka ihambelane ne-axis yombhobho odibeneyo okanye iflange, kwaye ubude kufuneka bube bukhulu okanye bulingane namaxesha ama-2 ububanzi;

(4) Umgama phakathi kodonga olungaphandle lombhobho kunye nongqameko lwezifakelo zombhobho okufutshane kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwee-10mm;Iiflange okanye iimanyano zomgca omnye wemibhobho kufuneka ziphazamiseke ngaphezu kwe-100mm;Indawo edibeneyo yombhobho ophumela eludongeni kufuneka ibe yi-0.8m ubuncinane ukusuka kumphezulu wodonga;

(5) Xa ubeka iqela lemibhobho, iindlela ezimbini zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngokujika: 90 ° kunye ne-45 °;

(6) Lo mbhobho wonke kufuneka ube mfutshane kangangoko, ube nokujika okumbalwa, ukutshintshwa okugudileyo, ukucutha ukugoba okunyukayo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukwandiswa okufanelekileyo kombhobho.Ubude bombhobho kufuneka buqinisekise i-disassembly yamahhala kunye nendibano yamalungu kunye nezixhobo ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ezinye iipayipi;

(7) Indawo yokubeka umbhobho okanye indawo yokufaka ukufakela kufuneka ilungele ukudityaniswa kombhobho kunye nokugcinwa kwayo, kwaye umbhobho kufuneka ube kufutshane nesixhobo sokulungisa ibamba lombhobho;Umbhobho awusayi kudityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kwisibiyeli;

(8) Ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kofakelo lwemibhobho, zonke iindawo zokubeka umbhobho ziya kuvalwa ngokungqongqo.Ngethuba lokufakela i-Plumbing, akuyi kubakho isanti, isikali se-oxide, isinyithi esilahlwayo kunye nolunye ukungcola okungena kumbhobho;Musa ukususa lonke ukhuseleko lombhobho phambi kofakelo, njengoko lungonakalisa umbhobho.

Ukuqukumbela

Inkqubo yehydraulic yenziwe ngamacandelo ahlukeneyo e-hydraulic adityaniswe ngokwendalo ngemibhobho, iijoyinti zemibhobho, kunye neebhloko zesekethe yeoli.Kukho ezininzi iibhobho zentsimbi ezidibanisayo ezisetyenziswa kwi-hydraulic system.Emva kokuba le mibhobho yonakele yaza yavuza, inokungcolisa imekobume ngokulula, ichaphazele ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo, yaye inokubeka engozini ukhuseleko.Ukukhethwa, ukusetyenzwa, kunye nokufakelwa kwemibhobho yensimbi ye-hydraulic linyathelo elibaluleke kakhulu ekuguqulweni kwezixhobo ze-hydraulic.Ukuqonda iindlela ezichanekileyo kuya kuba luncedo ekusebenzeni okuzinzile kwenkqubo ye-hydraulic.